Which of the following is an example of anabolic steroids?

Testosterone is classified as an anabolic steroid because it promotes the growth of muscle and tissue. Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone, designed to enhance athletic performance, muscle mass, and strength. They work by increasing protein synthesis within cells, leading to the growth of muscle fibers and overall anabolic activity.

In contrast, the other choices listed do not primarily serve anabolic purposes. Dexamethasone and cortisol are corticosteroids, which are primarily involved in anti-inflammatory processes and metabolic regulation rather than muscle growth. Estrogen, while a hormone involved in reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics, does not have an anabolic effect similar to that of testosterone. Thus, testosterone stands out as the clear example of anabolic steroids in this context.